BIOGRAPHY - P

PAPEN, FRANZ von (1879-1968) German diplomat and politician, first with the Center Party, later an independent. The Penultimate Reich chancellor of the Weimar Republic (Cabinet of the Barons). Helped Hitler oust Reich Chancellor Schleicher. Under Hitler, Papen became vice chancellor, then ambassador in Vienna, and afterwards in Ankara. Aquitted during Nuremberg trials. Later sentenced to eight years in labor camp by German authorities, released in 1949. Afterwards, unsuccessfully attempted to justify his role in the Nazi regime.

PARSONS, LUCY (1853-1942) Claiming to be the daughter of a Mexican woman and a Creek Indian, and raised on a ranch in Texas (though later research showed that she may have been a slave in Texas), Lucy Parsons married Albert Parsons, a former Confederate soldier turned radical Republican around 1871. The Marriage forced the couple to flee to Chicago in 1873 and became heavily involved in the revolutionary elements of the labor movement. Parsons wrote articles about the homeless and unemployed for The Socialist in 1878, and later helped found the International Working People's Association (IWPA). She also became a requent contributor to the IPWA weekly paper The Alarm in 1884. Parsons was also a staunch advocate of the rights of African Americans, stating that that blacks where only victimized because they were poor, and that racism would inevitably disappear with the destruction of capitalism. In 1886, Lucy's husband was implicated in the Haymarket Square bombing of a crowd of police and sentenced to death by hanging. After her husband's death, Parsons continued revolutionary activism, publishing a short-lived publication, Freedom, in 1892. In 1905 she participated in the founding of the Industrial Workers of the World, and also published a paper called The Liberator. After working with the Communist Party for a number of years, she finally joined in 1939, despairing of the advance of both capitalism and fascism on the world stage and unconvinced of the anarchists' ability to effectively confront them. Parsons died in a fire in her Chicago home in 1942.

PFEFFER, FRANZ von (1888-date of death unknown). Early member of NSDAP. SA Chief of Staff, 1928-1931. Later, SA lieutenant general. At war's end, he commanded a Volkssturm "Home Guard" division.

PILOTOV, KARL von (1826-1886). Director of the Munich Art Academy. Along with Spitzweg and Gruetzner, was one of Hitler's favorite painters according to Wulf Schwarz-waller (Unknown Hitler).

PILSUDSKI, MARSHAL (1867-1935) Polish military leader and super-nationalist.

POHL, OSWALD (1892-1951) Born in Duisburg, Pohl joined the Nazi party in 1923. From 1942 to 1945, he served as chief of the Central Office for Economy and Administration. At his disposal was a work force of more than 500,000 concentration camp prisoners, some of whom were also 'leased out' to industry. He also ensured that personal and bodily effects of the gassed Jews were reutilized by the German economy. Sentenced to death by the United States Military Tribunal at Nuremberg in 1947 and executed.

PINKELES, MOSES (18??-19??) Munich Jew who is said to have helped financed the Volkischer Beobachter and the Nazi party in its earliest days. Also known by the alias Trebitsch-Lincoln.

PRUSSIA, PRINCE AUGUST WILHELM OF (1887-1949) Fourth son of Kaiser Wilhelm II. Joined the NSDAP in 1930 and the S.A. in 1933. Front man for the Nazis in their effort to attract supporters of the monarchy. S.A. lieutenant general. Sentenced to two years imprisonment in labor camp after the war but did not serve his sentence.

Copyright © 1999 R.H. Perez
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